Morphine

Morphine, previously known as morphia, functions as a potent opiate derived from opium, a dark brown resin resulting from drying the latex of opium poppies. Medical practitioners primarily utilize it as a pain reliever. Various administration techniques exist for morphine, including oral ingestion, sublingual absorption, inhalation, intramuscular injection, subcutaneous injection, spinal cord injection, transdermal application, and rectal suppository insertion. It acts directly on the central nervous system (CNS) to induce analgesia and alter perception and emotional response to pain. Physical and psychological dependence and tolerance may develop with repeated administration.